Influence of cotyledons on phenotypic characteristics in soybean seedlings

Luiz Felipe Queiroz Noronha; Éder  Matsuo; Tiago Avila  Silva; Silvana da Costa  Ferreira; Paulo Roberto  Cecon; Anderson Barbosa  Evaristo; Rodrigo Fernandes  Domingues; Ernesto Botelho  Rodrigues

doi:10.33158/ASB.r217.v10.2024

Luiz Felipe Queiroz Noronha Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Rio Paranaíba Campus
Éder Matsuo Institute of Technological and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Rio Paranaíba Campus https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-9367
Tiago Avila Silva Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Rio Paranaíba Campus
Silvana da Costa Ferreira Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Rio Paranaíba Campus
Paulo Roberto Cecon Department of Statistic, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa Campus
Anderson Barbosa Evaristo Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Unaí Campus
Rodrigo Fernandes Domingues Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Rio Paranaíba Campus
Ernesto Botelho Rodrigues Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Rio Paranaíba Campus

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.r217.v10.2024

Keywords: Breeding, additional descriptors, biostatistics, morphological descriptors, early soybean evaluation, effect of seed size, soybean sowing

Abstract

Different factors can interfere with the success of crop establishment, such as cotyledon destruction in the early stages of soybean cultivation. In this context, the influence of cotyledons on phenotypic characteristics in soybean seedlings was evaluated. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, and seeds of the TMG 803 cultivar, previously classified by size using sieves with circular holes (P5.5, P6.0, P6.5, P7.0, and P7.5), were used. After germination, cotyledons were removed at stages VE, VC, V1, and V2, and for each stage, three types of cotyledon removal were performed: no cotyledon removal, removal of one cotyledon, and removal of two cotyledons. The experiment followed a 5×4×3 factorial design in a randomized block layout with four repetitions, and the experimental unit was the average of two seedlings grown in a pot. The epicotyl length, internode length, petiole length of the first trifoliate leaf, and seedling height were evaluated at development stages V2 and V3. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance and subjected to the Tukey test at a 5% significance level. The influence of seed size on epicotyl length (evaluated at V2 and V3) and internode length (evaluated at V2) was more pronounced when cotyledons were removed at stages VE and VC. Internode length (evaluated at V3), petiole length (evaluated at V2), and seedling height (evaluated at V2 and V3) were influenced by seed size, independent of other factors. The number of cotyledons removed influenced the length of the evaluated traits.

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